What pet parents need to know about snake bites and safety 

Australia is home to some of the world’s most venomous snakes, with ten of the deadliest species living across the country. While snake bites in humans are less common (Australian Venom Research Unit 2023), the situation for pets is different. Snake bites in dogs and cats occur more frequently and can lead to serious health complications or even death if not treated promptly. 

The risk of snake bites in pets 

According to PetSure data 2023, snake bites are a more common threat to pets than most owners expect. As temperatures rise during spring and early summer, snakes become active and more likely to encounter curious creatures. Pets, especially dogs, may wander into snake territory in parks, hiking trails, or even backyards. 

Pets bitten by snakes require urgent veterinary treatment, as the venom can cause severe symptoms such as paralysis, excessive bleeding, and respiratory distress. Without immediate care, snake bites can be life-threatening. 

How common are snake bite claims and what do treatments cost? 

PetSure’s 2023 – 2024 data reveals that the treatment of snake bites can be substantial: 

• Dogs 

• Average treatment cost: $1,121 

• Maximum treatment cost: $24,754 

• Cats 

• Average treatment cost: $987 

• Maximum treatment cost: $12,312 

The peak period for snake bite claims is over the summer season, coinciding with the warmer months when both snakes and pets are most active outdoors (PetSure Data 2023 – 2024). The high cost reflects the complexity of treatment, which often includes antivenom administration, hospitalisation, and sometimes mechanical ventilation. 

How snake venom affects pets 

Australian snake venoms can have a range of devastating effects on pets. Some of the most common symptoms include: 

• Lower motor neurone paralysis – Progressive muscle weakness that can lead to respiratory failure. 

• Excessive or prolonged bleeding – Due to the venom’s interference with blood clotting. 

• Haemolysis – The destruction of red blood cells, which can lead to anaemia. 

• Muscular damage and weakness – Pets may display tremors, wobbliness, or collapse. 

The most frequently implicated snakes include the Eastern Brown Snake (Pseudonaja textilis), Tiger Snake (Notechis scutatus), and Red-bellied Black Snake (Pseudechis porphyriacus), all known for their potent venom (Wildlife Health Australia 2022). 

Treatment and recovery 

Snake bite treatment is often intensive and can be expensive. Antivenom is the cornerstone of treatment, but supportive care is equally important. Treatment protocols may involve: 

• Antivenom administration – Pets may require several vials 

• Hospitalisation and monitoring – Pets need careful observation to manage symptoms such as paralysis or respiratory failure. 

• Mechanical ventilation – In severe cases, a ventilator may be necessary to support breathing until the pet recovers. 

• Emergency and referral hospitals – If local clinics lack specialised equipment, pets may be referred to emergency facilities. 

Signs your pet has been bitten by a snake 

Recognising the symptoms of a snake bite can be critical to saving your pet’s life. Pets are often bitten around the head, neck, or legs. Symptoms may appear suddenly and worsen quickly, so early intervention is essential. Common signs include: 

• Visible bite marks, often swollen and painful 

• Weakness or wobbliness in the back legs 

• Drooling or foaming at the mouth 

• Vomiting or trembling 

• Collapse followed by a temporary recovery  

Tips to protect your pet from snake bites 

While it’s impossible to eliminate all risks, these practical steps can help reduce the chance of a snake encounter: 

1. Stick to designated paths – Avoid walking in long grass or areas with dense vegetation, particularly in warmer months. 

2. Keep your pet on a leash – Prevent dogs from wandering into snake-prone areas. 

3. Maintain your yard – Keep grass trimmed and remove rubbish or debris that could attract snakes. 

4. Supervise outdoor time – Monitor pets closely when outside, especially in areas known to have snakes. 

5. Know the signs of snake bites – Be aware of symptoms and act quickly if you suspect your pet has been bitten. 

It’s also helpful to familiarise yourself with local veterinary clinics so you know where to go in an emergency. 

Snake bites can pose a serious threat to both cats and dogs, especially during Australia’s warmer months. While treatment is available, it can be costly, and the outcome often depends on how quickly the pet receives medical attention. Prevention remains the best approach, but pet parents should also be prepared to act swiftly if a bite occurs. 

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Sources 

Australian Venom Research Unit 2023, Understanding Australian Snake Venoms: Facts and Figures, University of Melbourne, viewed 12 October 2024, https://www.avru.org. 

PetSure 2023, PetSure Pet Health Data, PetSure Australia, viewed 12 October 2024, https://www.petsure.com.au. 

Wildlife Health Australia 2022, Snakebite Incidents in Australia: Wildlife & Pet Considerations, Wildlife Health Australia, viewed 12 October 2024, https://www.wildlifehealthaustralia.org.au.